The characteristics and associated factors of functional limitation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis / 中华内科杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of functional limitation and associated factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:Consecutive patients with RA were recruited from August 2015 to June 2019 at Department of Rheumatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital. Demographic and clinical characteristics including age, gender, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain, clinical disease activity index (CDAI), modified total Sharp score were collected. Physical function was assessed by the Stanford health assessment questionnaire disability index (HAQ-DI).Ordered logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of HAQ-DI.Results:A total of 643 RA patients were finally recruited including 114 males and 529 females with mean age (49.7±12.9) years. There were 399 (62.1%) patients having different degrees of functional limitation, who were classified as mild (293, 45.6%), moderate (73, 11.4%) and severe (33, 5.1%). The prevalence of functional limitation was positively correlated with age and disease activity. The most restricted activity was walking [43.5% (280/643)], followed by gripping [36.1% (232/643)], reaching [35.5% (228/643)], daily activities [33.4% (215/643)], hygiene [33.0% (212/643)], dressing and grooming [29.7% (191/643)] and arising [29.1% (187/643)], and the last eating [18.4% (118/643)]. Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis showed that age ( OR=1.019, 95% CI 1.004-1.035),pain VAS ( OR=1.820, 95% CI 1.616-2.050), ESR ( OR=1.009, 95% CI 1.001-1.017), CDAI ( OR=1.080, 95% CI 1.059-1.102) and modified total Sharp score ( OR=1.010, 95% CI 1.004-1.015) were associated factors of functional limitation. Conclusion:The majority RA patients have functional limitation. Age, pain and active disease are independent associated factors. Therefore, target treatment and control of pain should be emphasized in RA patients.

Functional limitation on elderly people in the northeast and the feminization of eld in urban and rural areas of Brazil

Population aging in Brazil increases on a large scale due to declining fertility and mortality. This phenomenon can be influenced by several factors (demographic, biological and social), making them determinants for the health conditions of the elderly populations residing in different geographic areas. The present study aims to identify the functional limitation in elderlyresidents of urban and rural areas of Brazil. This is a descriptive epidemiological study with a quantitative approach. It was evidenced that the functional limitation for activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living are concentrated in the northeast region, mainly in the urban area. The following states presented the highest proportions of daily life activity limitation in urban areas: Alagoas (11.60%), Rio Grande do Norte (10.95%), Pernambuco (10.36%) and Paraíba (9.62%). For activities of daily living in the rural area were found in the states of Paraíba (12.19%), Maranhão (8.93%), Piauí (8.85%) and then Pernambuco (7.24%). Data from the functional limitation for instrumental activities of daily living again highlighted the Northeast region, with the states of Rio Grande do Norte (26.01%), Paraíba (25.96%), Maranhão (25.72%) and Alagoas (24.57%). Lastly, it was verified that the elderly woman exhibits greater proportions of functional limitation in relation to the elderly of the masculine sex, standing out again the northeastern region of the country.

Association between depressive syndrome and visual complaints among elderly caregivers / Associação entre síndrome depressiva e queixas visuais em idosos cuidadores

ABSTRACT Objectives To determine depressive syndrome in community-dwelling elderly caregivers; and to test the association between such syndrome and both visual complaints (VC) and aspects of care. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 332 elderly caregivers. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used to screen for depressive symptoms (cutoff > 5 points). Logistic regression was performed to identify associations between depression and both VC and aspects related to care. Results Median age of the caregivers was 68 years. The majority was female (75.9%) and took care of a spouse (84.3%). The prevalence of depressive syndrome was 22.6%. The syndrome was associated with VC when it affected activities of daily living (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.37-4.27) and caring for an individual with cognitive impairment (OR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.05-3.26). Conclusions While measured aspects of care did not exert an influence on the incidence of depressive symptoms, VC associated to functional limitation and caring for elderly individuals with cognitive impairment was associated with such symptoms in the elderly caregivers.

RESUMO Objetivos Determinar a síndrome depressiva em idosos cuidadores da comunidade e testar a associação entre tal síndrome, queixas visuais e aspectos dos cuidados. Métodos Este é um estudo transversal realizado com 332 idosos cuidadores. A Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (GDS-15) foi utilizada para triagem da síndrome depressiva (corte > 5 pontos). Regressão logística foi realizada para identificar associações entre depressão, queixas visuais e aspectos relacionados ao cuidado. Resultados A mediana de idade dos cuidadores foi de 68 anos. A maioria era do sexo feminino (75,9%) e estava cuidando do seu cônjuge (84,3%). A prevalência da síndrome depressiva foi de 22,6%. A síndrome foi associada com queixas visuais quando estas prejudicavam o desempenho nas atividades da vida diária do cuidador (OR = 2,4; IC 95%: 1,37-4,27). Além disso, cuidar de um indivíduo com comprometimento cognitivo também esteve associado à depressão nos cuidadores (OR = 1,85; IC 95%: 1,05-3,26). Conclusões Os aspectos do cuidado não exerceram influência sobre a incidência de síndrome depressiva, no entanto a queixa visual associada à limitação funcional e o ato de cuidar de idosos com comprometimento cognitivo estiveram associados ao humor deprimido em idosos cuidadores da comunidade.

Problems and Solutions in Patients with Post-polio Syndrome(review) / 中国康复理论与实践

New onset of fatigue,weakness,muscle and joint pain occurs in patients with post-polio syndrome(PPS).These symp-toms will lead patients to action and activities difficulty,such as functional limitations,which are serious,and needed to deal with,in order to avoid the emergence of injury.Adequate intensity of aerobic exercise can help the patient maintain the body's activity level,but should be individualized to avoid the burden of muscles and joints.Scientific weight con-trol is also a problem that patients with PPS should pay attention to.The PPS specialized clinic can comprehensively as-sess the patient's health status,functional limitation,and give specific recommendations for treatment,exercise,diet,and orthosis.

Acupuntura y kinesioterapia en el tratamiento de la capsulitis adhesiva del hombro / Acupuncture and kinesiotherapy in treatment of adhesive capsulitis o shoulder

Introducción: la capsulitis adhesiva del hombro es una enfermedad que anatómicamente se caracteriza por una retracción fibrosa de la cápsula articular; lo que produce una gran limitación de la movilidad de la articulación glenohumeral, tanto activa como pasiva, en todos los movimientos. Objetivos: evaluar la efectividad de la técnica de acupuntura y kinesioterapia en pacientes con capsulitis adhesiva del hombro, así como determinar grado de dolor y la limitación funcional en los pacientes antes y después del tratamiento. Métodos: ensayo clínico terapéutico controlado para evaluar la efectividad de la acupuntura y kinesioterapia en 62 pacientes con capsulitis adhesiva del hombro, atendidos en el Policlínico Docente "Dr. Tomás Romay" del municipio Artemisa, desde enero del año 2014 hasta enero del 2015. Se conformaron 2 grupos (de estudio y control) de 31 integrantes en cada uno: los primeros recibieron acupuntura y kinesioterapia; los segundos: tratamiento de electroterapia y kinesioterapia. Resultados: a las 20 sesiones terapéuticas, el dolor se alivió considerablemente en los integrantes del grupo de estudio, lo cual tuvo diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos con respecto a la intensidad del mismo (p< 0,05). A los 3 meses la mejoría en el grupo estudio fue notable, con respecto al grupo control, tanto en el alivio del dolor como en la función habilidad del hombro. Conclusiones: se consideró de buena efectividad el tratamiento aplicado con acupuntura y kinesioterapia en la capsulitis adhesiva del hombro. Tanto el alivio del dolor como la limitación funcional de la articulación del hombro desde las primeras 20 sesiones de tratamiento, mejoraron notablemente(AU)

Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis of shoulder is a diseases anatomically characterized by a fibrous retraction of the articular capsule, which produces great limitation in all both active and passive glenohumeral motions. Objective: To evaluate the acupuncture and kinesiotherapy technique effectiveness in patients with adhesive capsulitis of shoulder, as well as to determine pain degree and functional limitation in patients before and after treatment. Methods: Controlled clinical therapeutic essay for assessing acupuncture and kinesiotherapy effectiveness in 62 patients with adhesive capsulitis of shoulder, attended in "Dr. Tomás Romay" Teaching Polyclinic of Artemisa Municipality, from January 2014 to January 2015. Two groups were made up (control group and study group) by 31 members each: the first ones received acupuncture and kinesiotherapy; the second ones, electrotherapy treatments and kinesiotherapy. Results: After 20 therapeutic sessions, the pain let up considerably in the study group members, which were significantly different between both groups regarding pain intensity (p< 0.05). After three months, the study group improvement was noticeable as compared with the control group regarding both pain relief and shoulder function-ability. Conclusions: The acupuncture and kinesiotherapy treatment was assumed as fairly affective in adhesive capsulitis of shoulder. Both pain relief and functional limitation of the shoulder as of the first 2o sessions of treatment improved noticeably(AU)

Capacidad funcional y factores asociados en pacientes con espondilitis anquilopoyética / Functional capacity and associated factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Introducción: la limitación funcional y la discapacidad son las consecuencias fundamentales para los pacientes con espondilitis anquilopoyética, diversos factores han sido relacionados con la discapacidad y su repercusión en la calidad de vida de estos enfermos. Objetivo: evaluar la capacidad funcional y determinar factores asociados en los pacientes con espondilitis anquilopoyética. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo que incluyó 80 pacientes de la Consulta de Protocolo de Espondiloartropatías atendidos de junio de 2007 a julio de 2009. Se obtuvieron datos demográficos, clínicos, radiológicos y de laboratorio. Se evaluó la capacidad funcional aplicando el índice Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) y se determinaron las asociaciones existentes. Resultados: predominó el sexo masculino (66,3 %). La edad media fue 40,1 años. La edad de inicio de la enfermedad, mayor de 20 años (73,8 %), presentó mayor BASFI (p=0,01), la ocupación laboral mostró diferencia significativa (56,14 %, p=0,04). El tiempo de demora del diagnóstico mayor de 10 años resultó significativo (p=0,03). El segmento cervical, la sacroilitis y el Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Activity Index (BASDAI) reflejaron incremento del BASFI, significación estadística (p=0,01), no así, los reactantes de fase aguda y el HLA-B27. Conclusiones: la capacidad funcional se asocia de forma significativa con la edad de inicio de la enfermedad, el tiempo de demora del diagnóstico, la afectación del segmento cervical, la ocupación laboral, la sacroilitis y la actividad de la enfermedad.

Introducción: the functional limitation and the inability are the mayor consequences for patients presenting Ankylosing Spondylitis, Different factors have been related to inability and its repercussion in the quality of life of these patients. Objective: to assess the functional ability and to determine associated factors. Method: a cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted including 80 patients from the Protocol Consultation of Spondylo-artropathies seen from June, 2007 to July, 2009. Demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory data were obtained. The functional ability was assessed applying BASFI rate (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index) and the existing associations were determined. Results: there was male sex predominance, (63.3 %). The mean age was 40,1 years. The disease onset period - older than 20 years old (73.8 %), had great BASFI (p=0 0.01); the occupation showed significant difference (56.14 %, p=0.04). The delay time from diagnosis, longer than 10 years, was significant (p=0.03). The cervical segment, sacroiliitis and BASDAI (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Activyt) showed a statistically significant BASFI increase (p=0.01), except the acute phase reactants and HLA-B27. Conclusions: the functional ability is significantly associated with the disease onset age, diagnosis delay time, involvement of cervical segment, occupation, sacroiliitis, and the disease activity.

Sarcopenia and Obesity: Gender-Different Relationship with Functional Limitation in Older Persons

Age-related body composition changes such as sarcopenia and obesity affect functional decline in the elderly. We investigated the relationship between body composition parameters and functional limitation in older Korean adults. We enrolled 242 men and 231 women aged > or = 65 yr from the Korean elderly cohort. We used appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) divided by height2 (ASM/Ht2) and ASM divided by weight (ASM/Wt). The isokinetic strength of knee extensor muscles were measured using an isokinetic device. Functional limitations were assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score less than nine. Men within the bottom tertile of ASM/Ht2 confer an increased risk for functional limitation compared with those within the top tertile (OR, 6.24; 95% CI, 1.78-22.0). However, in women, subjects within the lowest ASM/Wt tertile had a higher risk compared with those within the highest tertile instead of ASM/Ht2 (OR, 7.60; 95% CI, 2.25-25.7). Leg muscle strength remained the strong measure even after controlling for muscle mass only in women. Only large waist circumference was positively associated with functional limitation only in women. We might consider a different muscle index to assess functional limitation according to the gender.

Factores asociados al uso de prótesis dentales o a problemas reportados en dientes o encías con uso de prótesis orales en adultos mayores de origen México Americanos / Associated factors with the use of dentures or reported dental and gum problems

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los factores asociados al uso de prótesis dentales o a problemas orales en dientes o encías al usar las prótesis dentales en adultos mayores de origen México Americanos del estudio EPESE (Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly) hispano en los Estados Unidos. Se hizo un análisis transversal incluyendo 2992 hombres y mujeres de 65 años o mas entrevistados durante 1993-1994. El 44% de los ancianos reportaron el uso de prótesis dentales parciales o totales. Dentro de las personas que usan prótesis dentales, el 21% reportaron problemas orales con los dientes o las encías al comer. En análisis multivariados, las limitaciones en actividades instrumentales de vida diaria (AIVD) (odds ratios=OR 1.23, intervalo de confianza=IC 95% 1.04-1.45) estuvieron asociados con el uso de las prótesis orales. También, dentro de las personas que usan prótesis dentales, los síntomas depresivos aumentados (OR 1.42, IC 95% 1.04-1.95) y las limitaciones funcionales en AIVD (OR 1.58, IC 95% 1.15-2.17) estuvieron asociados a problemas orales con los dientes o las encías al comer. En conclusión, factores que usualmente afectan la calidad de vida en los adultos mayores, tales como la dependencia funcional y la depresión, están asociados al uso de prótesis dentales o a problemas orales en dientes o encías al usar las prótesis dentales.

The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with using dental prosthesis or oral problems related to their use among older Mexican Americans of the Hispanic Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly EPESE) in the United States. A cross-sectional analysis was made with data of 2992 men and women aged 65 years and older interviewed during 1993-1994. Forty four % of subjects reported the use of partial or total dental prosthesis. Among those using dental prosthesis, 21% reported problems with teeth or gums when eating. In multivariate analyses, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) limitations were associated with using dental prosthesis (OR = 1.23, 95% confidence interval - CI = 1.04-1.45). Also, among subjects using dental prosthesis, increased depressive symptoms (OR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.04-1.95) and IADL limitations (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.15-2.17) were associated with problems with teeth or gums when eating. In conclusion, factors usually affecting quality of life in older persons such as functional dependency and depression are associated with using dental prosthesis or oral problems with teeth or gums when eating.

Functional Limitation and Medical Care Utilization among the Community- dwelling Elderly

BACKGROUND: The rapidly expanding proportion of the population aged 65 years and older is anticipated to have a profound effect on health care services and expenditures. This study sought to determine the relationship between functional limitation and health care utilization in older adults. METHOD: The data analyzed for this study is obtained from Seoul Health Survey published in 2001 by Korean Institution of Health and Social Affairs. The total number of community-welling persons aged 65 year and over is 4,293. RESULTS: Multiple regression suggested that functional limitation was significant associated factor of medical utilization in both inpatient and outpatient among the elderly. After adjusting for the effect of potential covariates, such as age, sex, educational level, marital status, chronic disease and recent accidents, IADL disability was associated with increase using outpatient(aOR=2.20 95% CI=1.72-2.81) and inpatient(aOR=2.82 95% CI=2.03-3.93) compare with independent group. ADL disability was associated with a low utilization of outpatient(aOR=0.64 95% CI=0.46-0.88). CONCLUSIONS: Functional limitation is independently associated with health care utilization in community-dwelling older persons.